Repair Notices and Rent Reductions in Poland
As a tenant in Poland you may have the right to demand repairs and a rent reduction when a dwelling does not meet basic standards. This article explains in simple terms how to prepare a formal repair notice, what evidence to collect, which deadlines to consider and how to negotiate with the landlord. We also describe when to file a formal court claim and possible steps if the landlord does not respond. You do not need to be a lawyer to take effective action — consistent documentation, a clear description of demands and knowledge of basic tenant protection rules in Poland are enough.
When you can demand repairs and a rent reduction
If the dwelling has defects affecting use or safety, the tenant can demand repairs or a proportional rent reduction. Tenant protection is governed by rental rules and tenant protection laws[1] as well as principles from the Civil Code[2]. The key elements are: identifying the defect, the extent of diminished standard and documentation of reports to the landlord.
- Collect evidence: photos, videos, notes of defects and correspondence with the landlord.
- Determine the type of repair: installation, heating, dampness or safety issues.
- Estimate financial loss or a proposed rent reduction based on the monthly rent.
- Check deadlines: when the landlord should respond and what timeframe (days) is reasonable for repairs.
Detailed documentation increases your chances of success.
How to write a repair notice
The notice should be clear, include a description of defects, a deadline for repairs and proposed consequences of no action (e.g. rent reduction or court claim). Send the notice by registered mail or deliver it in person with proof of receipt.
- Provide your details, the exact address of the premises and the date of the notice.
- Describe defects in detail and refer to evidence (photos, invoices).
- Set a reasonable deadline for repair (e.g. 14–30 days), explaining urgency.
- Specify the proposed rent reduction or how it should be calculated for the defect period.
Respond to legal notices and meet deadlines to avoid losing rights.
What to do if the landlord does not respond
If the landlord does not fix defects within the given timeframe, the tenant has several options: reduce rent, arrange repairs at the landlord's cost and seek reimbursement, or file a lawsuit. The choice depends on the defect scale, costs and available evidence.
- Rent reduction: apply the agreed calculation and inform the landlord in writing.
- Arrange repairs at the landlord's expense: keep invoices as proof for reimbursement.
- File a claim in the district court (civil division) to pursue your claims.
Keep copies of all documents, correspondence and delivery confirmations.
FAQ
- How long does the landlord have to fix a defect?
- The time depends on the defect type; typically 14–30 days is considered reasonable, but urgent health or safety issues require faster action.
- Can I reduce the rent without going to court?
- Yes, a tenant may unilaterally apply a rent reduction for a documented defect, but it is advisable to notify the landlord in writing and keep evidence.
- Who to contact for help if the case goes to court?
- Rental disputes are handled by the district court (civil division); you can also seek help from the ombudsman, tenant organizations or a lawyer.
How-To
- Gather evidence: photos, videos, notes and correspondence.
- Prepare a written notice describing defects and a repair deadline.
- Send the notice by registered mail or deliver it in person with proof of receipt.
- Negotiate with the landlord, offering a rent reduction or a repair schedule.
- If there is no response, file a claim in the district court with attached evidence.
Help and resources
- Information for tenants on Gov.pl
- ISAP – legal acts
- Ministry of Justice – court procedure information
