{PROVIDED_SECOND_LANGUAGE_TITLE}
In practice, responsibilities for repairs and maintenance of a flat in Poland often raise doubts for both the tenant and the landlord. This text explains which repairs are typically the tenant's responsibility and when the landlord must act, what steps to take when reporting defects, and how to document problems to protect your rights as a tenant. You will find practical tips on reporting deadlines, evidence, and options for pursuing claims in court. If you want to avoid misunderstandings, read the recommended actions and sample procedures carefully.
Who is responsible for repairs?
The general rule in Poland is that the landlord is responsible for keeping the flat fit for the agreed use, while the tenant is responsible for minor repairs resulting from normal use. The burden of responsibility depends on the lease agreement and the nature of the defect; serious faults in installations, heating or dampness usually fall on the landlord.[1]
Example divisions of responsibilities
- The tenant is responsible for replacing a light bulb and minor furniture repairs.
- The landlord is responsible for repairs to electrical, plumbing and heating systems.
- The landlord is responsible for removing hazards to safety and should act immediately.
How to report defects and document them
You should report a defect in writing or by e-mail, describing the problem precisely and attaching photos. Keep records of response times and delivery confirmations. If a defect affects habitability, the landlord should repair it within a reasonable time.[2]
- Take photos and note the date and circumstances of the defect.
- Send the report by e-mail or registered letter and keep the receipt.
- If the landlord does not respond, contact legal advice or the local authority.
What to do if the landlord does not repair?
If the landlord avoids obligations, first send a formal demand to carry out repairs with a deadline. If that fails, you may reduce rent, have repairs carried out at the landlords expense with rent offset (after legal advice), or go to court. The District Court (Civil Division) resolves tenancy disputes in Poland.[2]
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can I carry out a repair myself and deduct the cost from the rent?
- In some cases this is possible, but it is better to consult a lawyer first; you must document the defect and costs.
- How long does the landlord have to repair a health-threatening defect?
- They should act without delay; the exact timeframe depends on the type of defect and its impact on the flat.
- Where to raise a dispute if the landlord refuses to repair?
- Tenancy disputes are decided by the District Court (Civil Division); prepare full documentation before court.
How-To
- Report the defect to the landlord in writing and attach photos and a description.
- Set a reasonable deadline for repair and keep delivery confirmation.
- If there is no response, contact legal advice or the local tenancy authority.
- As a last resort, file a claim with the District Court (Civil Division) including evidence and costs.
Key Takeaways
- The landlord usually covers serious defects; the tenant covers minor repairs.
- Document all reports and responses for legal protection.
- Seek advice before taking legal steps and check your lease terms.